Guide · CV writing
Should You Put References on a CV?
Usually not. Most employers ask for references later in the process. When to include them, what to write instead, and how to prepare your referees.
You usually do not need to put references on your CV. Most employers ask for referee details later in the process, often after an interview or offer. Leave them off, skip the phrase "references available on request" (employers assume it), and use the space for achievements, unless the job advert specifically asks for references on the CV.
When to include them
- The job advert or application form asks for them.
- Some public sector, education or academic applications request them upfront.
Prepare your referees anyway
- Choose recent managers or supervisors who know your work.
- Ask their permission before sharing their details.
- Tell them about the role and what to highlight.
- Keep their contact details ready.
Format if requested
Example
Jane Mensah, Ward Manager, Riverside Hospital
jane.mensah@example.org | 0123 456 789
Relationship: line manager, 2021 to present
See what to include on a CV and how long a CV should be.
Choosing the right referees
| Situation | Good referees |
|---|---|
| Currently employed | Most recent previous manager, plus current manager once you have an offer |
| Graduate | Tutor or supervisor, plus a part-time or volunteer supervisor |
| Career changer | Recent manager plus someone from your new field, such as a course tutor |
| Freelancer | Two clients who know your recent work |
Avoid these referees
- Family members and friends.
- People who have not seen your work for many years.
- Anyone you have not asked first.
What employers typically ask referees
Dates of employment, job title, reliability, performance, strengths and whether they would re-employ you. Brief your referees so they can give specific, relevant examples.
Use the space for something better
Instead of a references section, add a short certifications line, a key project or an extra achievement bullet. See work experience bullets.
Frequently asked questions
Should I write references available on request?
It is usually unnecessary because employers assume it. Use the space for something more useful.
When should I include references on a CV?
When the job advert or application form specifically asks for them.
Who should my references be?
Recent managers or supervisors who can speak about your work, with their permission. Teachers or volunteer leaders for early-career candidates.
Keep reading
- How to Write a CV That Gets Interviews: The Complete Guide
- LinkedIn Profile Tips: How to Optimize Your Headline, About and Banner
- The Best CV Format: Chronological, Skills-Based or Hybrid?
- ATS-Friendly CV: How to Get Past Applicant Tracking Systems
- CV Personal Statement: How to Write One (With 10 Examples)
- CV Achievements Examples: How to Write Work Experience Bullets That Stand Out
- How to Write a Cover Letter in 4 Paragraphs (Template and Example)
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